Integrated Watershed Management Programme by Ministry of Rural Development
Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP)
is a modified programme of erstwhile Drought Prone Areas Programme
(DPAP), Desert Development Programme (DDP) and Integrated Wastelands
Development Programme (IWDP) of the Department of Land Resources. This
consolidation is for optimum use of resources, sustainable outcomes and
integrated planning. The scheme was launched during 2009-10. The
programme is being implemented as per Common Guidelines for Watershed
Development Projects 2008.
The main objectives of the IWMP are to restore the
ecological balance by harnessing, conserving and developing degraded
natural resources such as soil, vegetative cover and water. The
outcomes are prevention of soil erosion, regeneration of natural
vegetation, rain water harvesting and recharging of the ground water
table. This enables multi-cropping and the introduction of diverse
agro-based activities, which help to provide sustainable livelihoods to
the people residing in the watershed area.
The salient features of IWMP are as below:
(i) Setting up of Dedicated Institutions
with multi-disciplinary experts at State level - State Level Nodal
Agency (SLNA), District level - Watershed Cell cum Data Centre (WCDC),
Project level - Project Implementing Agency (PIA) and Village level -
Watershed Committee (WC).
(ii) Cluster Approach in selection and preparation of projects: Average size of project - about 5,000 ha.
(iii) Enhanced Cost Norms from Rs. 6000 per ha. to Rs.12,000/ha. in plains; Rs.15,000/ ha in difficult/hilly areas
(iv) Uniform Funding pattern of 90:10 between Centre & States.
(v) Release of central assistance in three installments (20%, 50% & 30%) instead of five installments.
(vi) Flexibility in the project period i.e. 4 to 7 years
(vii) Scientific planning of the projects
by using IT, remote sensing techniques, GIS facilities for planning and
monitoring & evaluation
(viii) Earmarking of project funds for DPR
preparation (1%), Entry point activities (4%), Capacity building (5%),
Monitoring (1%) and Evaluation (1%).
(ix) Introduction of new livelihood
component with earmarking of project fund under Watershed Projects i.e.
9% of project fund for livelihoods for assetless people and 10% for
production system & micro-enterprises
(x) Delegation of power of sanction of projects to Sta
Major activities of the Watershed project:
• Soil & moisture conservation measures like terracing, bunding, trenching,
vegetative barriers etc.
• Rain water harvesting activities like farm ponds, percolation tanks,
checkdams etc.
• Planting & sowing of multi-purpose trees, shrubs, grasses, legumes and
pasture land development
• Encouraging natural regeneration
• Promotion of agro-forestry and horticulture
• Measures needed to disseminate technology
• Training, extension and creation of a greater degree of awareness among
the participants
• Encouraging peoples’ participation
• Livelihood activities for assetless people
• Production system and micro-enterprise
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